3 Poisonous Plants to Avoid in the Midwest This Summer

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Summertime means finally getting back outside — hiking, camping and soaking up everything your local parks, trails and campgrounds have to offer. But don’t let an unexpected run-in with the wrong plant put a damper on your time with Mother Nature.

Lance Goodall, MD, UnityPoint Health, shares three plants Midwesterners should watch out for this season and what to do if you accidentally come into contact with one.

Common Plant Skin Irritants & Symptoms

poison ivy plant with three distinct leaves, pointed tips

Poison Ivy

Location: Commonly found along sunny edges of wooded areas, including forests, fields, hiking trails, campgrounds and sometimes residential areas.

Is poison ivy contagious?

No, the rash itself doesn’t spread from person to person. However, the plant’s oil (urushiol) can linger on clothing, gear and pets for up to a year, so be thorough when washing up after any potential exposure.

What does a poison ivy rash look like?

Symptoms from a poison ivy rash typically appear in streaks or patches and include:

  • Blisters
  • Inflammation
  • Itching
  • Redness

Why does my poison ivy rash keep spreading?

It’s likely due to residual oil on your skin or belongings — not the rash itself spreading. Symptoms generally appear 12–24 hours after exposure but can take up to a week.

stinging nettles plant with clusters of tall, green leaves with toothed edges

Stinging Nettles

Location: Stinging nettles thrive across Iowa and the broader Midwest, typically found in moist, shaded areas like stream banks, woodland edges, trails and disturbed grounds.

What does a stinging nettle sting feel like?

Unlike poison ivy, stinging nettles cause an immediate reaction — a sharp sting or burning sensation the moment you brush against them.

What does a stinging nettle rash look like?

Symptoms from a stinging nettle rash include:

  • Intense stinging or burning
  • Redness and hives
  • Temporary numbness or tingling

How do you relieve a stinging nettle sting?

Most reactions resolve on their own within a few hours. Avoid rubbing the area (which can worsen symptoms), gently remove any plant hairs with tape or tweezers and apply a cool compress to relieve the sting.

wild parsnip with clusters of small, bright yellow flowers

Wild Parsnips

Location: Like poison ivy and poison oak, wild parsnips prefer sunny areas in open areas, including roadsides, ditches, fields and prairies.

Why are wild parsnips dangerous?

Wild parsnips are particularly sneaky — their sap makes skin hypersensitive to sunlight, meaning symptoms don’t appear until the affected area is exposed to the sun.

What does a wild parsnip rash look like?

Symptoms with a wild parsnip rash include:

  • Blisters
  • Discolored skin
  • Sunburn-type rash

When do wild parsnip rash symptoms appear?

Rashes typically appear within 12–24 hours of sun exposure to the affected skin

Treatment for Rashes Caused by Plants

Poison ivy, stinging nettles and wild parsnip rashes are treated in similar ways:

  • Wash skin and clothes immediately. Plant oils can linger on clothing and pets for up to a year. Thoroughly wash clothes, shoes and pets after any potential contact. For young children, an oatmeal bath is a gentler alternative to soap.
  • Apply a cool compress. A washcloth soaked in cold water can soothe irritated skin.
  • Use anti-itch medicine. Corticosteroid cream or calamine lotion can help reduce itching and inflammation.

When to See Your Doctor About a Plant Rash

If at-home treatments aren’t providing relief, call your doctor — they often have same-day appointments available. It’s especially important to be seen if you experience any of the following:

  • A long-lasting rash covering a large portion of your skin
  • Blisters become infected
  • Fever
  • Severe blistering, swelling or itching
  • The rash affects sensitive areas, such as the eyes

There are many other potential causes of rashes beyond plants. When in doubt, don’t wait, your care team is here to help.

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Medically Reviewed By
Lance A Goodall

Lance Goodall, MD

Pediatrics